بررسي اثرات متوكلوپراميد و تركيب متوكلوپراميد و دكزامتازون در كاهش ميزان شيوع تهوع و استفراغ بعد از عمل جراحي فيكساسيون بين دنداني

Study of Metoclopramide Versus Metoclopramide Plus Dexamethasone for Reduction of Nausea & Vomiting after Maxillomandibular Fixation Surgery

Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) method is performed in maxillary or mandibular fractures , plastic surgeries and congenitally anomaly of mandibular. Post operative nausea and vomiting due to anesthesia and opioids is one of the most important complications. This study performed for determination of metoclopramide and metoclopramid plus dexamethasone effects for reduction of nausea and vomiting after maxillomandibular fixation surgery in the patients with mandibular fractures. In this double-blind clinical trial , 60 patients candidated to maxillomandibular fixation surgery were randomized into two treating groups(A: Metoclopramide alone, B: Metoclopramide + Dexamethasone ) and evaluated in nausea and vomiting rates after operation. The patients were followed in three stages in the operation room , in recovery room , and in the ward upto 24 hours. In first stage , 30% of patients in group A and 6% of patients in group B encountered post operative nausea and vomiting. During second stage , these rates were 17% in group A and zero for group B. Non of the patients in both groups , encountered post operative nausea and vomiting in third stage of following. The findings indicate that combination of metoclopramide and dexamethasone can decrease post operative nausea and vomiting incidence rates effectively. Suitable tolerance of patients to drug and less complications of dexamethasone compared risk of post operative vomiting are more factors that account for complication therapy with dexamethasone and other antiemetic agents. However , expand use of this method needs more studied.