وجود در فلسفه ابن سينا

Existence and Essence in Avicennaʹs Philosophy

Some of the philosophical terms whether in the classical philosophy or in the modern philosophy, are so basic and important that if they will not be considered deeply it will make very difficult or even impossible to resolve philosophical problems. At the heart of these important terms are the concepts of existence and essence. They are so important that some of philosophers hold that without knowing the concept of the existence accurately we can not grasp philosophical knowledge at all. Although, in this article, we can not discuss all of the issues related to the existence and essence, the author considers and discusses some of the key problems of the issue such as the meaning of existence, fundamentality, equivalence, gradation and so on which are discussed by Avicenna. Focusing on the discussion of the relation of existence and essence in Avicennaʹs philosophy is imperative especially with regard to the point that in his philosophy contrary to the transcendent philosophy of Mulla Sadra, there is no apparent distinction between the issue of the existence and that of the essence.