بررسي تاثير آموزش به كمك شبكه‌هاي اطلاع ‌رساني بر پيشرفت تحصيلي درس ادبيات فارسي دانش‌آموزان پايه‌ي اول راهنمايي شهرستان تهران‌

Studying the Effect of Instruction by Using Information Networks on Academic Achievement of Female Students in Persian Literature in Tehran City

Introduction The educational achicvement of the students is one of the important characteristics in evaluating the educational system. One of the important factors in educational achievement, and generally in the development of educational system, is using modern educational technology. Among modem educational technologies, we may refer to internet and computer information networks. If they are studied carefully and their potentials are known, we can enjoy them as far as more and better learning is concerned. Information networks include multiple-media environment (field) which provide the user with the information through film, voice, picture, graphic, text and animation. Access to extensive data in information networks has caused the traditional methods of learning to he doubted and some new guidelines be introduced. Accordingly. many educational systems. in the recent decades have made attempts to improve learning in the shortest time using and introducing this modern technology. Thus, the purpose of the present study is an investigation of the effect of teaching. using information networks. on the educational achievement in Persian literature and the components of this course such as comprehending verse and prose. the lexical and idiomatic meaning. the history of literature and grammar Research Questions Is there a meaningful relationship between using information networks and the extent of studentsʹ learning in Persian literature course and its components such as comprehending verse and prose, lexical and idiomatic meaning, the history of literature and grammar? Methods The method of this study has been quasi-experimental. In this study, first a sample of 340 subjects were selected among the statistical population. 170 persons were assigned to each group-experimental and control. The instrument used in this study was a researcher-made test of the Persian literature course of first-grade junior high school students. To estimate the validity of the test, contest validity was dealt with and to estimate the reliability of the test, test-retest method was applied and it turned out to be 73%. Using Kurder-Richardson method thc reliability was 72% too. The procedures of conducting the research were as follows. First, at the beginning of the semester a pretest was administered to measure the level of the studentsʹ achievements in the Persian literature course. The same test was administered as the test post on the same subjects at the end of the semester. In each session. the teacher presented the materials to thc class in the form of a lecture in twenty minutes. To continue the class the students used computer sets and were guided by the teacher to search fur and find useful materials concerning their course in the information networks. At the end of each session, the students were assigned horneworks about the Persian literature and they were to do the assignments using information networks and send them to their teacher through e-mail. Results To investigate the extent of the effectiveness of information networks on thc educational achievement of the students an independent t-test was used to analyze the data. First, control and experimental groups were compared concerning their pretest scores to determine their heginning differences. The result of this comparison indicated that there was a meaningful difference between the performance of the students in both groups as far as their score of the subtcsts of comprehending verse andprose. lexical meaning. the history of literature. grammar as well as their scores of the entire pretest were concerned. To compare the posttesr scores of both groups concern; ng each component of the test and their total score in the posrtest. age in independent t-tcst was used to determine the level of significance. The level of significance for each subject and the total score of the test was 0.00 I and it was observed that the performance of the experimental group was better than the performance of the control group meaningfully. Also, to investigate the effect of teaching accompanied with information networks, on educational achievement of the students in the Persian literature course, an independent t-test was used to analyze the difference between the mean scores of the pretest and posttest belonging to both groups to determine the level of significance. For all the subtests and each of which the level of significance obtained was 0.001, thus. the mentioncd result implies difference between the difference of the mean score of both pretest and posucst preformed by control and experimental groups. Therefore, the extent of learning of the experimental group. who had received the Persian literature course through information networks, was more than the control group who had not had access to the computer and information networks and they had been taught only through traditional methods. Hence. to answer the main research question. we may claim that there is a meaningful difference between using information networks and the educational achievement of the students in the Persian literature course. Discussion and Conclusion Based on the results obtained from the findings we may claim that the information networks help the teacher in explaining, analyzing and establishing harmony among the materials and make the process of learning richer, more effective, more interesting and more alive for the students. The modern technologies such as computers are a great help against mere verbal teaching. The potentiality and capability of information networks in providing the biography of the pioneers of the Persian language and literature in the form of text. voice, picture and film provided the students with the possibility to understand the materials in a more attractive, variable. and perfect way. This, in turn, is effective in students comprehending the materials, and deeper learning. Information networks, providing different colored and moving grammatical tables. word-formation, the order of words in the sentences. pictorial forms of verb, figures and learning diagrams. facilitate language grammar and encourage the students to learn. Information networks. as modem instruments, possess a lot of potentialities to change teaching and learning and one can promote the quality of teaching-learning in the educational systems using them correctly.