بررسي اثرات ضد ميكروبي اسانس دو گونه مرزه در دو مرحله برداشت

Antimicrobial effects of the essential oils of two Satureja species (S. Khuzistanica Jamzad and S. bachtiarica Bunge) in two harvesting time.

The genus Satureja represents 15 species in Iran, 9 of them are endemic. In this study, the aerial parts of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Satureja bachtiarica Bunge were collected at two stage of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from their natural habitats. After drying the plant materials in shade, essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. The results showed the oil of S. bachtiarica contained 20% carvacrol and 19% thymol before flowering and 26% carvacrol and 5% thymol at full flowering stage, as main components. The oil of S. khuzistanica, in both harvesting time contained about 90% carvacrol. Due to the antimicrobial effect of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol, the antimicrobial effects of these oils were determined against five gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus loteus, Staphylococcus sp. and Staphylococcus areous) and three gram negative bacteria (Kellebsiella pneumonia, Kellebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeroginosa). The result showed the oil of S. khuzistanica had strong anti-bacterial effect in both harvesting stage. The anti-bacterial effect of S. bachtiarica oil was stronger before flowering stage, because of more percentage of phenolic compounds. So these oils can be used instead of synthetic antibiotics that their resistance against bacteria increased daily.