مقايسه بازده و تركيب هاي اسانس دو گونه مرزه با استفاده از روش تقطير و استخراج باسيال فوق بحراني

Comparison of Oil Content and Composition of two Satureja Species (S. hortensis L, and S. rechingeri Jamzad) by Hydrodistillation and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE).

The genus Satureja from lamiaceae family consists of many species all over the world. In Iran, there are 15 species, 9 of them are endemic. The oil of different Satureja species are very important because of having carvacrol. In this study, the effect of two extraction methods (hydro-distillation and supercritical fluid extraction) on yield and composition of the essential oils Satureja hortensis and Satureja rechingeri was investigated. The aerial parts of S. hortensis were collected from Research Station of Alborz (Karaj) at full flowering stage and those of S. rechingeri were collected from their natural habitats on Ham province. After drying the plant material, the oil of both species were obtained by hydro-distillation and also by SFE (with and without modifier). The oil were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. 17 compounds were identified in the oil of S. hortensis by hydro-distillation, with carvacrol (48.1%) and y-Terpinene (38.4%) as the main components. In the oils of SFE, 9 compounds were characterized with carvacrol (57.1%-63.4%) and y-Terpinene (27.0%-32.8%) as the major components. Therefore, the percentage of carvacrol was increased by SFE and y-Terpinene was decreased. 20 components were identified in the oil of S. rechingeri by hydro-distillation, with carvacrol (86.6%) as main constituent. In the oils of SFE, 6 compounds were identified, that the percentage of carvacrol (95.0%-95.6%) was higher.