نماز مسافر در كتاب و سنت

Praying while Traveling According to Quran and Tradition

This article studies the different points of view among Shiites and Sunnis on praying while traveling. According to all Shiite scholars a traveler - with some conditions mentioned in the article - should shortm four-Rakaʹa prays to two-Rakaʹa ones. However, Sunni scholars do not hold a unanimous idea on this matter; while Shafeʹi scholars hold the same idea as Shiites, others do not believe it as obligatory, but rather strongly desirable. The author first examines holy Koran and the traditions narrated by Sunnis, and notes that it bears no evidence on this. On the other hand, many Hadiths of the holy Prophet (p.b.u.h) elaborates that he did so and asked people to follow him. His companions followed him, and his succeeding caliphs did the same in their travels - save Ottoman and Aʹiisha, who did not follow the order of the holy prophet (p.b.u.h) and other companions objected this. Finally, he mentions there remains no conclusive evidence, neither in Sunni sources nor in Shiite ones, which orders to pray a usual pray while travelling. Keywords: Prayer; Pray; Travel; Shortened form of Prayer; Permission; Sunni Jurisdiction; Shiite Jurisdiction; Ottoman; Aʹiisha.