اخلاق ايمان مدار (مطالعة تطبيقي فلسفه اخلاق از نظر مولانا و كيركگور)

Faith-Oriented Morality (A comparative study of moral philosophy in Rumiʹs and Kierkegaardʹs thoughts)

"Ethics" is one of the three branches of practical philosophy which Islamic philosophy has borrowed from Greek philosophy. Following the issues such as divine justice, divine promise, determination and alike, Islamic theologians have been somehow involved with the issue of moral philosophy. This issue, even, can be considered as the distinguishing aspect of the two theological schools of Moʹtazeli and Ashʹari. Being as a Hanafi-Ashʹari Sunni, Mowlana Jalaleddin Mohammad Balkhi (Rumi) must follow the Ashʹari theological view in this issue. The aim of this essay is to measure Rumiʹs views on ethics by citing some words from Masnavi in which he spoke about moral action. It will be concluded that Rumi, as a Suffi and by using a kind of poetic language, has developed the Ashʹari moral philosophy through a mystical approach in Masnavi. Rumiʹs views on ethics are not so dissimilar to the Nineteenth century Danish philosopherʹs mystical thoughts, i.e. Soren Kierkegaard. Holding the three spheres for human life, i.e. aesthetic, ethical and religious spheres, he justifies some apparent human irrational actions. This means that for him "faith" has preference over "reason". Comparing his views with Mowlanaʹs thoughts is the main concern of the present essay.