مبناي تئوريك دولت رفاه از ديدگاه پوپر (بررسي بنيان هاي فلسفي و نحوه شكل گيري و عولكرد دولت رفاه از ديدگاه كارل پوپر)

Theoretical basis of welfare state, from Popper viewpoint (Reviewing philosophical bases of welfare state and its formation and function from Popperʹs point of view)

In 1930s, the idea of providing general welfare and welfare state appeared in industrial countries due to the belief in the ability of left forces in solving misfortunes that people entangled in; because of financial crisis in industrialized societies, expanded poverty, starvation and epidemic diseases which led millions of people to the hopelessness. Welfare states achieved outstanding success at the beginning but they started to move down at the end of the 20th century. Since theoretical basis suffered from inherent contradictions of its founders, critics pointed at the philosophical basis of welfare states. This article studies the theoretical basis of welfare states and reveals their contradictions and problems. Then according to the Popperʹs philosophical point of view and his social attitudes, the theoretical basis of welfare states will be listed in comparison with Benthamʹs and Millʹs thoughts. The writers of this study have attempted to show that unlike many other liberalists who disagree with any state patriarchy, Popper intends to maintain some dimensions of it which are necessary to make a less deprived society. According to Popper, state is a necessity; also he believes that government should be authorized in some cases in order to cope with its welfare aims for society. Unlike Bentham & Mill who believe in more welfare for more people, Popper proposes to minimize the avoidable stress. To achieve his aim, Popper suggests Graduate Social Engineering.