نقش مايه هاي هنرهاي زيبا در اندلس (اسپانيا)

The Role of stocks of fine arts in Andelus (spain)

The land of Andelus, i.e., The remotest western zone of the Islamic Empire, has had many ups and downs, but due to its long distance, it has attracted the least attention of people, The Muslims in Andelus, whether in architecture or in fine arts such as ceramic or tile making, in textile weaving, carpet weaving, ivory work, metal work, calligraphy, and the like, have undergone a lot of difficulties. It is noteworthy that the Muslim commanders-in-chief have had a great contribution to this matter, for they were the real supporters of these artistic affairs. Nowadays, many samples of these artistic works can be found in many museums and in other public places in Spain. A number of ceramic works such as plates, bowls, long-necked pots and pottery painted with the pictures of birds, plants, and calligraphic work in Iranian style, and silk embroidery cloths with golden threads, and marginal-sewn with gems in Maryeh, Qartabeh, and Maleqeh in Isbilieh of Qarnateh and at Mercieyyeh, have been discovered. In addition, Andelus rugs with the pictures of birds, animals, and natural human beings were woven over there, The same decorative paintings were also engraved into ivory gifts. In general, at the end of the seventh and eighth centuries A.H" the artists in Andelus ornamented metalic and decorative things with calligraphic and plant decorations. Calligraphers coined another calligraphy called Maqribi, instead of Kufi writing, which was wellknown all over the world of Islam.