معرفت نفس از ديدگاه ملاصدرا و افضل الدين كاشاني

Self-Understanding in MulHi Sadra and Af~1 ai-DIn Kiʹishllni

Religious texts put a great emphasis on self-understanding and consider it as a precondition for understanding God. Afdal aI-DIn Kashani, a 7th century philosopher, and Mulla Sadra, the founder of Transcendent Philosophy, have their view of intuitive selfunderstanding on the basis of their own principles. The author, in the first part of the article, reviews the presuppositions of Mulla Sadraʹs view, and suggests a systematic theory of selfunderstanding accordingly. Then he explains the stages of selfunderstanding, reached by the travelers on the path to God. In the second part, the viewpoints of Afdal al-Din Kashani on selfunderstanding are probed, and practical ways for attaining such an intuitive knowledge are discussed. At the end, the author compares the two philosophers according to their presuppositions, theories, and consequences of their ideas.