بررسي كارايي قلاده هاي سگ آغشته به دلتامترين روي پشه خاكيهاي كانون ليشمانيوز احشايي در شهرستان بجنورد

Efficacy of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars against sandflies at endemic focus of Bojnord district, North Khorasan province

Background and Aim: Domestic dogs are the most important reservoir of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) at the endemic foci of Iran. The disease are transmission to others dogs and human by sandflies, the logic of VL prevention in world is: dogs vaccination, chemical treatment dogs, diagnosis and eliminating of infected dogs,impregnated dogs with soaps that have been reported different degrees of success. Now using deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars have been pointed, because of its impacts good in prevents of infected dogs to VL. Materials and Methods: In this study, the efficacy of indexs of dog collars (Scalibor®) was evaluated in North-Khorasan province.For this aim,6 dogs selected as well as had similar age, weight, race and not have VL. and randomly classified in two groups as treated and untreated; In the beginning of the transmission season, three DMC was separately fitted to 3 dogs and the other ones were considered as control (collarless) group. Two weeks after collar fited and any 15 days from June 2006 to September 2007 in evening one of collar and collarless dogs with their regard replacement in any shift in. separatewere exposed to wild-caught sandflies during night time (2 h after sunset) using two separate bed nets. At the end of exposure time, the sand flies were recaptured and transferred to inside netted caps and maintained at optimal condition for 24 hours in order to assess the mortality. Results: Data analysis revealed that the blood-feeding index was 13.4% - 27.6% for DMS fitted dogs, and 54.2% - 59.3% for control (collarless) dogs which the difference is statistically significant (p<0.005). Also the index of blood-feeding inhibition were 51.3% - 66.2% and 37% - 44.8% for collared and collarless dogs respectively and showed a significant difference (p<0.01). The mortality was 20.42%- 21.88% for sand flies fed on collared dogs, and 1.04% - 6.17% for those fed on control dogs (p<0.004). The range of combined effects (inhibition of blood-feeding and mortality) was found 72.37% - 86.62% for collared dogs, and 40.74% - 45.83% for control dogs. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the considerable effects of DMC on inhibition of blood-feeding as well as mortality of wild-caught sandflies.