الكتروسرجري (تاريخچه، اصول كاربرد و اجتناب از خطر)

Electrosurgery

The usage of electricity has revolutionized the surgical procedures. Electrical current less than 5 KHz, causes electrolysis and its main usage is in cosmetic procedures. Electrical current more than 20 and less than 350 KHz causes severe stimulation of nerves and muscles and even death and it does not have very much usage in medicine. Electrical current more than 350 KHz doesnʹt stimulate the nerves and muscles and its heal will have the useful clinical effects like cutting and coagulation. High electrical current with low voltage will cause cutting the tissues and high voltage current will cause more coagulation. In electrocautery the electrical current does not pass from the body and the heat in the metalic loop of electrocautery causes the cutting and coagulation. In electrosurgery the eleetrical current passes from the body. In monopolar surgery, a return electrode is put underneath the patient and the other pole is in the surgeonsʹ hand whereas in bipolar surgery the current passes from a small area of body between two electric points. Monopolar surgery is used in big surgeries and the bipolar is used in delicate ones. Attention should be paid in placement of the return electrode to prevent electrical burn.