تحليل جامعه شناختي اهداي عضو و بافت پس از مرگ مغزي در بين شهروندان تهراني

A Sociological Analysis Of Organ and Tissue Donation After Brain Death Among Tehranian Citizens

Transplantation is transferring a cell tissue or a living organ from one person to another in a way that the function of the transferred organ remains the same. Nowadays Allograph transplantation products are some of the best and sometimes the only treatment of some diseases. These organs and tissues are taken from people whose brain death has been testified by physicians. Removing organs and tissues will be possible through the personʹs will and consent (legal will, organ donation card, informing the family while he is alive or the consent of legal heirs). In our country due to a large number of brain deaths, one may expect a lot of organdonation s, but itʹs not true. The process of organ donation as a social action is under the influence of so many factors like Cultural and Social variables. Itʹs impassible to try to solve the shortage of transplanting organs without knowing about the reasons and barriers against organ donation. This study aims at a cultural and social analysis of organ donation. In order to fulfill the objective of the research, a combined conceptual framework with and emphasis on Parsonʹs social action theory has been arranged after reviewing sociological, logical, legal and religious perspectives and also reviewing empirical resources, according to which research hypotheses have been proposed. After defining concepts and maintaining suitable measures, their validity and reliability were tested. Finally, there is a questionnaire which has been prepared via referring to control participants. The statistical sample is 320 persons of Tehranian Muslim citizens who are over 15 years of age which comprise two groups. One group is donating tissue and organ (with organ donation card) and anther group do not donate. The description and analysis of data has been done in three levels. Descriptive statistics has been used in one-variable situation analysis (one-dimensional tables and distribution figures). Inferential statistics has been used for the analysis of two-dimensional tables. Regression has been used in multi-variable analysis. The findings of the study show that organ donation is related to the individual characteristics such as: age, sex, gain of physical health, social features socio-economic status, personality, Universalism. Peopleʹs attitude towards donation and social trust as the out put of personality trait. The more literacy, the more knowledge of the subject, universalism, trust and positive attitude towards organ donation, the more willingness to donate organs. In contrast, the more gain of health, age and social status, the less organ donation. Findings of the regression analysis also show that, trust in medical profession and universalism play the most important in determining organ donation in regression model, respectively Itʹs note worthy that the rest of the variables such as age, physical health gain, altitude, sex, socio-economic status are the next most important factors.