تعيين مناسب ترين ژنوتيپ گرده زا براي چهار رقم ماده تجاري پسته (كله قوچي، اكبري، اوحدي و احمد آقايي)

Determination and Evaluation of Some Polinizers for Four Commercial Pistachio Cultivars (ʹKalleh Ghoochiʹ, ʹAhmad Aghaeiʹ, ʹOhadiʹ and 4Akbariʹ)

In order to find the suitable pollinizers for ʹOhadi, ʹKalleh Ghoochiʹ, ʹAkbariʹ and ʹAhmad Aghahiʹ cultivars an experiment was performed in the Pistachio Research Institute, Rafsanjan, Iran, during 2004 - 2005. The experiment was performed and analysed as a randomized complete block design. Eight ghenotypes, originally from the progenies of seed-raised trees and with appropriate flowering overlap with these four cultivars, were selected for controlled pollination. Male flowers of PI and P2 genotypes were in overlap with ʹKallehghoochi,> P3 and P4 genotypes in overlap with ʹAhmad Aghaeiʹ, P6 and P7 genotypes in overlap with ʹOhadiʹ and finally P9 and P10 genotypes were simultaneous in flowering with ʹAkbariʹ prior to blooming, chosen limbs on the female trees were isolated and covered, using pollen impermeable cloth bags. At blooming, pollen from each of the pollen sources were injected into the bags using syringes. Fruit set, blank nuts, unsplit nuts, split nuts, kernel weight and fruit weight were recorded at the harvesting time. Also the percentages of pollen germination, inflorescence weight and amount of pollen per inflorescence were recorded. Results showed that PI and P2 genotypes were the suitable male genotypes for ʹKalleh Ghoochiʹ. The amount of pollen per inflorescence in the PI genotype was more than that in P2 genotype, but germinated pollen percentage, fruit set percentage, split nuts percentage, blank nuts percentage, kernel weight and fruit weight did not show any significant difference between PI and P2 genotypes. With no significant difference between PI and P2 genotypes, P2 genotype was observed to be better than pi genotype in the assessed factors, therefore more research is needed to pick out the most suitable genotype. P3 genotype was selected as the suitable male genotype for ʹAhmad Aghaeiʹ, because split nut percentage was more than that in P2 genotype. The amount of pollen per inflorescence and germinated pollen percentage did not reveal any significant difference between P3 and P4 genotypes. Also fruit set percentage, blank nut percentage, kernel weight and fruit weight did not show any significant difference between P3 and P4 genotypes. P6 and P7 genotypes were selected, as the suitable male genotypes for ʹOhadiʹ .Pollen per inflorescence and germinated pollen percentage for genotype p6 were more than those for P7 genotype, but as for traits fruit set percentage, split nut percentage, blank nuts percentage, kernel weight, and fruit weight there was not any significant difference observed between P6 and P7 genotypes. With no significant difference observed between P6 and P7 genotypes, P7 was shown to be superior to pi genotype in the assessed traits. Thus, more research is needed to finally find out the most suitable genotype. P9 was selected as the suitable male genotype for ʹAkbariʹ because the pollen amount per inflorescence, kernel weight and fruit weight were more than those in P10 genotype, but as for the traits germinated pollen percentage, fruit set, split, and blank nuts percentages there was not any significant difference observed between P9 and P10 genotypes.