مرتد و ارتداد در كتاب و سنت و برخي احكام فقهي آن

Apostates and Apostasy, Tradition, and its Jurisprudential Injunctions

The present paper is an attempt on the study of apostates and apostasy. For this matter, it is concerned with the discussion of the concept and meaning of the terms "Apostate" and" Apostasy" applied in different sources as well as those in the Holy Qurʹan and in the Household traditions. The article also seeks to define the instinctive and national types of apostasy from the viewpoints of the Imammiayeh jurisprudents and from certain jurisprudential injunctions. The paper also deals with the essential definition of religion in jurisprudence and with the fact that the denier of this belief is considered apostate. Finally, The paper considers those who denigrate and insult the Holy Prophet of Islam (Pbuh), his household and the infallibles as apostates. Thus, it mentions the viewpoints of the Sunnite jurisprudents and at the end it introduces Salman Rushdi as an apostate.