تبيين كلامي و فلسفي پيامدهاي اعمال

Theological and philosophical Justification of the Ends of Humans Behavors

In this world man meets two types of rewards and punishments; one is conventional and the other natural. The former differs according to spacio-temporal conditions in different societies, the latter, however, is founded on causation principle and naturally achieved by menʹs actions. In this study the main question consists in: can we divide the rewards and punishments of the day of Judgments into the types mentioned? Or may the division there be of another type? Some Muslim philosophers have known them as the natural end of actions but some others as the actions themselves. Yet one can also agree with a third type, similar to the conventional one, according to the Quranic verses and traditions. The author, relying on Quranic verses and traditions, has agreed with both, the sameness view and with the conventional one. Nevertheless, the conventional view has met with an objection but the objection has been argued against briefly in the paper.