تبيين شاخص هاي اصلي عملكرد و اندازه گيري بهره وري دانشگاه هاي بزرگ دولتي ايران

Determining the Main Indices of Productivity Performance and Analysis in Iranʹs Major Public Universities

Today universities play an important role in the development of knowledge economy throughout the world. Therefore, more efficient use of resources becomes a critical issue for universities management. This paper aims to provide universities with a comprehensive evaluation pattern from the economic perspective in order to separate the productivity efficiency and change as well as its elements and introduce the productivity promoting factors. The main question is how the productivity and efficiency developments have been in universities during 2002-2007. The statistical population includes all major Iranian universities affiliated by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. The study was conducted on 33 big universities. Data envelopment analysis for efficiency evaluation was used, and Malmquist approach was applied to measure productivity changes. The selection of main variables for measuring the productivity and efficiency was carried out through field study (expertsʹ comments) and global experiences. The results show that output-oriented model is the most appropriate pattern for measuring the efficiency at public universities. The surveyed universities had a high relative efficiency; this result is like the findings in other countries. The study of productivity index of universities in five consecutive years showed that no tangible development has occurred in their total productivity. Since there is a high correlation between total productivity changes and technological efficiency changes at universities, in order to improve the productivity in equipment and facilities investment, it is suggested that the effective use of the facilities be taught. Finally, the implementation of productivity management cycle (Measurement, Evaluation, Planning and Implementation) is the most critical issue.