كليدواژه :
سطوح مصرف , شهيد صدر , توازن توزيع درآمد و ثروت , فقر , عدالت توزيعي , عدالت
چكيده لاتين :
The fundamentals, meaning, position, standards and implementation methods of justice, vary from one school of thought to another. Muslim scholars too have had this topic as a subject of their discussions, within the Islamic framework. In the area of Justice in Distribution [or Distributive Justice] Martyr (Shaheed) [al-] Sadrʹs view has held immense popularity and acceptance. The author believes that keeping in view the principles of Distribution of Income and Wealth in Islam, the criteria of justice should be introduced separately for three stages:
Origin; Justice in the primary resources and opportunities
Process; Justice in relations and process of production and distribution.
Outcome; Justice in the culmination state and the output of an Economic Systemʹs activities.
Though Martyr [al-] Sadr (RA), in his opinion about distribution, has discussed the distribution principles in all the three stages, but in his view regarding justice only introduces two criteria, i.e. "General Equilibrium" and "Social Security", as the constituents of economic justice.
This paper emphasizes the view that: Firstly, these two criteria are only concerned with the evaluation of the just condition in the Outcome stage, and achieving them, without considering the achievement of justice in the stage of Origin and Process, do not reflect the achievement Economic Justice.
Secondly, the ʹJustice in Distributionʹ [or ʹDistributive Justiceʹ] in the outcome stage, being a legal and obligatory principle, through reliance on the criterion of unit of social security, has the potential of being evaluated. Therefore, the criterion of "Equilibrium in different consumption classes of the society", identified as another criterion of economic justice, should either be taken as a different phrase for the same reality, reflected by the first criterion, or should be interpreted in a way that views justice as a moral principle.
