كليدواژه :
اسلام , معرفت , مسيحيت , عقل , ايمان , شهود , وحي , عرفان
چكيده لاتين :
The "faith" is the belief, devotion and commitment to a celestial reality. Belief in God, as the essential principle in all divine religions, requires a belief in the invisible world, revelation, and the life after death. From Islamic theologians1 viewpoint, the faith is based on knowledge, and reason - which is the humanʹs thinking power - is the usual and general way of gaining knowledge. In this view, the articles of faith are both explainable and provable through reason, and thus consistent with it. Therefore, the Islamic philosophers and theologians have explained religious concepts and proved the fundamental religious beliefs by relying on human rational capacity in understanding religion, thereby developing a kind of rational theology.
On the other hand, the human reason, no doubt, is limited just like his person, and it is beyond his rational capacity to understanding all aspects of the infinite reality. Thus, the Islamic theologians have emphasized the limitation of human reason without denying its validity and value, and have chosen the way of using heart and inner experience for knowing the celestial realities. Although knowing the infinite entities is beyond the reasonʹs capacity in mystical view, there is no mystery inconsistent with reason or opposing it. One can thus perceive the difference between Islamic and Christian view, and notice the similarities between them.
