بررسي عوامل همراه با كاهش سطح هوشياري در بيماران بستري شده در بخش مراقبت هاي ويژه مسمومان بيمارستان لقمان حكيم

Evaluation causes of coma in patients who admitted in poisoning ICU in Loghman Hakim Hospital

Background: Iran is a young country according to mean age of general population and loss of consciousness due to poisoning is one of the most common problems in emergency department but the prognosis is good if appropriate diagnosis and treatment are done. The present study was designed to determent etiologist of loss of consciousness in poisoned patients that admitted in poisoning ICU of Loghman Hospital from 23 Sep 2004 to 20 March 2005. Materials and methods: This descriptive study was performed on 263 poisoned patients in poisoning ICU of Loghman Hospital that had loss of consciousness with advanced grades (2, 3 or 4) and were 10 years old or more. A questionnaire carried out and age, sex, grading of loss of consciousness, etiology of loss of consciousness, etiology of exposure questionnaire filled clinically for all patients who met our inclusion criteria, then by SPSS program our data were computed and statistical analysis by Chi-square test was performed. Results: from 263 patients 59.7% were male and %40.3 females. The mean age was 30.2±11.9 years with range of 11 to 76 years and median age was 26 years. The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (%45.3). The most common etiologies of loss of consciousness were TCA (%26), opium and opioids (%18.6), benzodiazepines (% 15.43), unknown etiology (%9.7) and organophoshates (%7.7) respectively. Accidental poisoning was %23.6 and deliberate self poisoning was %76.4 cause of admission. %81.4 of patients discharged and %18.6 died. Conclusion: The most common etiology of exposure was deliberately, and the most common groups of poisoned patients were young people. Coma followed by poisoning is usually treatable with a reliable management.