برنامه ريزي دسترسي به اتوبوس در ايران : شهر مشهد

Bus Accessibility Planning in Iran: Mashhad

Accessibility planning, because of integrating both land use and transportation system, have a significant role in the process of urban planning and design, significance was proposed since 1950S especially after the war between Israel and Arab nations in 1970S that caused increasing in oil price and criticizing of auto city urban design pattern. This pattern led to separation of living and working locations, urban sprawl, increasing use of car for work trips, more use of fuel and finally air, noise and environment pollutions. One of the important methods for overcoming this problem is accessibility planning. Accessibility means "reducing distance between the locations of home and work" or "easy reach to destination". The purpose of the research was to investigate inequitable distribution of bus accessibility index. Thus, Hansonʹs reformed model was implemented based on population, employment and distance variables between the local boundaries (12 zones) of Mashhad city using geographical information system (GIS). The results of this research showed that dominant transportation system is car usage (27.8% of total trips). Public transportation (bus usage) by 24% of the total of trips stands in the second stage. Mashhad has not any rail routes (monorail or metro). Also the results showed that accessibility value is oriented from northeast to southeast, i.e. toward the new zones of the cityʹs development plan. Finally, calculations showed that direct accessibility to bus is 88% of area and 86% of population (equivalent to 25.49 Sq km and 342987 people).Therefore, applying of accessibility planning method is necessary for construction of new bus routes or changing of the present bus routes for full coverage of the city especially the deprived areas of Mashhad.