جامعه شناسي انزواي روشنفكران ( نقد كنش هاي روشنفكران عصر مشروطه تا پايان سلطنت پهلوي اول )

Sociology of Intellectuals Isolation (The critique of intellectuals actions from Constitution to the end first of pahlaviʹs period)

The emergance of intellectual groups in Iran and its aftermath , the beginning of intellectual movement with the aim of modernization as its goal, is related to the threshold of Constitution. Intellectuals had an important historical role at the era of Constitution until the epoch of the first Pahlavi. They were pioneers of modernity and modernization in the country. The social and mind origin of those intellectuals and the concepts and issues they were involved are the basic subjects of historical sociology and one of the basic debate in the realm of Sociology of intellectuals in Iran. The identity of these intellectuals and the nature of their social and political thoughts, the issue that how they perform their social and historical roles, their social status and their relationships with people and state are the basic objects in this research. The methodology of research is analytical and critical approach by using meta analysis and historical method this way we use Weberian approach in historical events and reconstruction them; also the views of other thinkers like Parsons, Gramsic, Mannheim and so on about the social roles of intellectuals have been used. The basic aim of this research , is sociological explanation of social and political role of intellectuals in the Constitution era and the epoch of the firs Pahlavi period and search of response for this question that: "Why intellectuals protect their influential social and political sitdegradation of intellectuals role at this historical epoch; and in addition, in the period of the first Pahlavi, the adapting of "imperative development" strategy as a progress strategy for Iran and political closure that Reza Shah had imposed to the society are two other important factors that cause to disappear the influential social and political of intellectuals in Iran.uations. To answer this question, some assumptions have presented and been studies, the results of the research show that some Iranian intellectuals in the constitution era by adoptiong reductionism (to reduce modern concepts to traditional one) and some others by taking French Enlightenment pattern which was followed by violence strategy cause to disappear their influential social and political situations in society. Also the eroded structure of society and itʹs dominated traditional culture and destructive role of traditional cultureʹs protectors and absolutely minority of educated strata and middle class were effective on