جهت گيري سياست دفاعي و امنيتي ايالات متحده آمريكا در مقابله با تهديدات نامتقارن بعد از 11 سپتامبر 2001

Orientation of the United States of Americaʹs Defensive-Security Policy against Asymmetrical Threats in post-September \ the case of Afghanistan & Iraq Wars Khanehkeshi-Farhadʹ Mashhadi Esmaeil-IrajT

subsequent to attacks on Twin Towers of World Trade Organization (WTO) on September the orientation and function of Americaʹs defensive-security policy underwent a principal volte-face from deterrence strategy and strategic ambiguity and fuzziness to preemptive attack and deterrent war. This research sets out to scrutinize and shed light on United States of Americaʹs defensive-security policy towards withstanding and tackling asymmetrical threats in post-September uth epoch during Bush tenure of presidential office. After September \ ^ the USA perceives terrorism and weapons of mass destruction as the major and grave threats facing its security. This research endeavors to probe into nature and forms of new defensive-security policy making of America during Bushʹs government term of office. Bushʹs government believes that deterrence policy Cold War is of little avail and malfunctions in confronting asymmetrical threats and dynamicity and mobility in defensive function and behavior of the America concerning Middle East and neighboring regions has incremented. Considering all above-mentioned issues, it is concluded that after September uth the prevailing view on new international atmosphere is neo-conservatism thought which is manifested and materialized in George W. Bushʹs policies. Bushʹs doctrine of battle against international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction is preemptive war in line with confronting pro-terrorism countries, regime change and overthrow and democratization as Iraq and Afghanistan are prime examples of this approach.