هرمنوتيك فلسفي گادامر و اهداف تعليم و تربيت

Gadamerʹs Philosophical Hermeneutics and the Aims of Education

Positivistic point of view is still a dominating one not only in natural sciences but also in human sciences. According to it, the natural sciences seek explanation, anticipation and control of phenomena, and human sciences should follow them up. Education is not an exception on this rule. The contemporary education seeks control: a capacity to master oneself and oneʹs situation. Gadamer criticized the supremacy of positivistic approach on natural and human sciences and mentioned its insufficiency. He presented a new approach in understanding by analyzing the nature of understanding and specifying its elements. On the basis of Gadamerʹs philosophical hermeneutics, it is possible to look at education from a new viewpoint. Accordingly, we suggest these new aims for education: to cultivate openness to the otherʹs ideas, to doubt about oneʹs believes and assumptions, and to be able to tolerate ambiguities and to cope with them, and in this way, challenge the contemporary education.