بهينه سازي توليد آنزيم كيتيناز به وسيله قارچ Penicillium aculeatum PTCC 5167 در محيط كشت غوطه ور

Optimization of chitinase production by Penicillium aculeatum PTCC 5167 in submerged culture fermentation

Chitinases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing chitin to its oligomers and/or monomers. These enzymes play an important role in nutrition and parasitism in bacteria and fungi and they are also involved in fungal morphogenesis and autolysis. Chitinases have been used in various industrials and also bioremediation of seawater as well as having clinical and pharmaceutical applications. The aim of this study was optimization of medium nutrients and culture conditions for improvement of chitinase production by Penicillium aculeatum PTCC 5167 using one-factor-at-a -time and orthogonal array methods. The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources such as glucose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, starch, colloidal chitin, KNO3, (NH4)2HPO4 malt extract, yeast extract and bactopepton along with colloidal chitin were studied on chitinase production. Also, various concentrations of colloidal chitin were studied in details. The results showed that, maltose, KNO3 and malt extract had significant effect on chitinase production by Penicillium aculeatum PTCC 5167. The optimal concentration of colloidal chitin on chitinase production was 3% in submerged fermentation. Optimum pH and temperature were identified as 5.5 and 50°C respectively. The enzyme activity after optimization by one-factor-at-a-time method was about 21/18 (U/ml) which is about 2-fold more than those achieved in the basal medium.