تنوع ژنوتيپي صفات ريشه و اندام هوايي گياهچه هاي نخود (.cicer arietinum L) در محيط هيدورپونيك و گلخانه

Genotypic diversity of root and shoot characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in hydroponic culture and in the greenhouse

Root and shoot characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes are believed to be important in drought tolerance. There is a little information about the response of genotypes root growth in hydroponics and greenhouse culture, also the relationships between root size and drought tolerance. This study was conducted to observe whether genotypes differ in root size, and to see that root size is associated with drought tolerance during early vegetative growth. We found significant differences (p<0.01) in root dry weight, total root length, tap root length, root area, leaf dry weight, leaf area and shoot biomass per plant among 30 genotypes of chickpea grown in hydroponics culture for three weeks. Each of these parameters correlated with all others, positively. Among 30 genotypes, 10 genotypes with different root sizes were selected and were grown in a greenhouse in sand culture experiment under drought stress (FC %30) for three weeks. There were not linear or non-linear significant correlations between root characters in hydroponics and greenhouse environments. It seems that environmental factors are dominant on genetic factors in seedling stage and so, the expression of genotypics potential for root growth characteristics of genotypes are different in hydroponic and greenhouse conditions. In this study, the selection of genotypes with vigorous roots system in hydroponic condition did not lead to genotypes with the same root characters in greenhouse environment. The genotypexdrought interactions for root characters of chickpea seedlings in 30 days were not significant (p<0.05). Short period of growth, may be the main reason for showing low or non-responsibility of genotypes to drought stress. Therefore, two factors including the growth stage (phenology) of plant and the type of seedbed must be noted when screening vigorous root system of plants.