برخي جريان هاي دگرانديش در عصر پهلوي

Some of the Oppositional Movements in the First Pahlavi Era

One of the modern achievements after the constitutional movement was Pahlavi ʹs gradual institutionalization of traditionalism and its anti-religious and traditional standing which aimed at weakening of moral religious values or deislamization in the East following Salfi Vahabi movements and the advent of contemporary Iranian identity crisis and western thought and their economic, political and cultural colonization made Arab, Turkish and Iranian intellectual reflect on these issues. This atmosphere which started with the works of some of the intellectuals and reach its peak during Reza Shaʹs period, there came into being some whose those and ideas inclined towards humanism and secularism. In the light of governmentʹs moderation and panmodernist intellectuals such as Kasravi, Shariat Sangalaji, Hokmizadeh and etc attacked Islam and traditional representations through their speeches and their innovative and critical writings. Because they thought that they would be able to apply scientism principles and European rationalism to the eastern traditional society through their superficial and sever criticism of legal (Shariat) frameworks. In such a situation Reza Shahʹs government made some changes in Iranian society based on his patterns from western modern society such as the establishment of bureaucracy, the establishment of modern schools, the establishment of the house of justice and the abolition of religious legal courts and etc. finally modern western beliefs were executed through kingʹs worldview. The main issue of this article is to analyze the attempts of some of anti-religious modernists or modern religions thinkers to replace western rationalism with religious faith or new and up to date interpretation of religion and also it offers Reza Shah ʹs religious policy results and the main problem with contemporary intellectual movement.