نقد نظريه تاريخي حاكميت در پرتو مفهوم ميراث مشترك بشر

A Critical Examination of Historical Theory of Sovereignty in the Light of Common Heritage of Mankind

Common heritage of mankind is a suitable concept which can substitute the concept of sovereignty. No other concept can match this concept as an alternative to the latter. The present article in the first instance suggests that common heritage of mankind is the product of economic and ecological interdependence. The importance of common heritage of mankind is that it shows the gradual decline of the traditional concept of independent sovereign state. The concept of nation-state is based on the maximum interest for the independent state which is in contradiction with the larger interest of humanity and therefore it is an obstacle on the way of international implementation of the concept of common heritage of mankind. In the second instance the aim of the article is to throw light on different aspects of confrontation between the principle of sovereignty and common heritage of mankind. The argument of this discussion is that successful implementation of common heritage of mankind depends on a redefinition of the concept of absolute and permanent sovereignty over natural resources. In the third instance ideal norms for reform in international system are tentatively and experimentally suggested. In other words this article attempts to find a tentative solution to remove obstacles to the successful implementation of common heritage of mankind and to realize desirable and essential goals.