اثر ضد قارچي عصاره چند گياه بومي روي Magnaporthe grisea،عامل بلاست برنج در آزمايشگاه

An In vitro Investigation of the Antifungal Effect of some Native Plant Extracts on Magnaporthe grisea, the Casual Agent of Rice Blast

The antifungal effects of six wild plant, namely: Artemisia annua, Sumbucus ebulus, Polygonum persicaria, Peteridium aquilinum, Melia azedarach and Saturia hortensis extracts were investigated on Magnaporthe grisea under laboratory conditions. Fresh plant leaf sample extracts were obtained using ethanol and methanol as extractant solvents. The effects of the extracts on inhibition of radial growth of M. grisea were determined by growing the fungus on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) in Petri dishes. Results showed that all the extracts prevented the fungus growth. Extract of A. annua had the lowest ED50 among the tested ethanolic extracts and was the most effective against P. grisea. The rank order of ethanol extracts, as determined by their ED50s, from the most potent inhibitor to the least potent one was A. annua, S. ebulus, P. aquilinum, P. persicaria, M. azedarach and S. hortensis. Also results showed that methanolic extracts of A. annua and S. ebulus carried the lowest ED5os and were the most effective methanolic extracts. There was a significant difference between the ED50 of metanolic extract from S. ebulus and ED5o of metanol extracts from P. aquilinum, P. persicaria, M. azedarach and S. hortensis. The rank order of the methanolic extracts, as determined by their ED5os, from the most potent inhibitor to the least potent one was A. annua, S. ebulus, P. persicaria, S. hortensis, M azedarach and P. aquilinem. Results revealed that there was not any significant difference between the actions of ethanol and methanolic extracts. Only in the case of P. aquilinem, the inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract was higher than that of the methanol extract. ED50 of methanol extract from P. aquilinem was 2.65 fold ED50 of its extract, when ethanol being used as extractant.