بررسي برخي خصوصيات رشدي و كيفي نهال¬هاي پيوندي ارقام گلابي آسيايي (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) بر پايه‌هاي بذري گلابي اروپايي در شرايط آب و هوايي تهران

A Study on Growth and Quality Characteristics of Budded Asian Pear {Pyrus serotina Rehd.) Cultivars on European Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Seedling Rootstocks under Tehran Environmental Conditions

To evaluate growth characteristics and adaptation of new Asian pear cultivars (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) in Iran, some growth characteristics and physiological factors of nine Asian pear cultivars named ʹKSʹ6, ʹKSʹ7, ʹKSʹ8, ʹKSʹ9, ʹKSʹ1o, ʹKSʹ11, ʹKSʹ12, ʹKSʹ 13, ʹKSʹ14 and one European, present commercial cultivar ʹShahmivehʹ of Iran (control) were evaluated under the climatic conditions of Tehran Province. The experiment was carried out employing nine Asian pear cultivars grafted on European pear (Pyrus communis L.) seedling rootstocks. Some growth characteristics and physiological factors of budded plants were assessed during two growing seasons. The results showed that more than 80% of grafting was a success in the first season and survival of budded trees amounted to 100% towards the end of the second growing season. Budded cultivars showed different growth responses in terms of shoot growth, Trunck Cross Sectional Area (TCSA), leaf number and area in the first and second seasons growth. ʹShahmivehʹ (control), ʹKSʹ7 and ʹKSʹ11 cultivars had the highest shoot length, leaf number, TCSA and leaf area in the first season. ʹShahmivehʹ showed a higher Absolute Growth Rate (AGR) by the end of the first seasonʹs growth. Although, the differences between Asian pear cultivars in terms of AGR were not significant but these cultivars showed a higher AGR than ʹShahmivehʹ cultivar during the second seasonʹs growth. The differences on such leaf mineral concentrations as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn among studied cultivars were significant. The highest N, P, and K was observed in ʹKSʹ9, ʹKSʹ12and ʹKSʹ6 cultivars respectively, while the lowest concentration was respectively shown in ʹShahmivehʹ, and ʹKSʹ7. The lowest Ca, Mg and the highest Mn were observed in ʹShahmivehʹ cultivar. In total, Asian pear cultivars showed a good growth performance on European pear seedling rootstocks under Tehran Province, environmental conditions. They, after being established, demonstrated a good growth characteristics and efficient nutrient absorption.