نقض هنجارهاي فرهنگ رسمي و سنتي و دلالت هاي مقاومتي آن : بررسي نمونه اي از دانشجويان

Rejecting the Norms of Traditional and Official Culture and Itʹs Residental Implications

The evidences imply that the violation of the norms of traditional and official culture, either publicly or secretly, have become popular among a part of the youths to such an extent which makes it possible to discuss the formation of a subculture contrary to the dominant official culture of the country. During the past years, this fact has caused some worriment in regards of some youthsʹ fidelity to the Islamic cultural norms and values of the country. Besides, there have been debates and discussions over the reasons of contravening the official and traditional norms and the definition of the breakersʹ acts. Some consider the cultural deviations as sorts of protest to the dominant culture and the political system, that is, those who do not attach legitimacy and popularity to the political sovereignty and the dominant culture, express their opposition by neglecting its cultural symbols. Another group believes that contravening the norms are the consequent of accepting some aspects of a new (Western) culture, which from the point of view of its doers, it does not necessarily mean expressing opposition or protest. The aim of this paper is to address the above debates. The arguments have been evaluated based on the data gathered from a sample of 376 male and female students of Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, in the spring of 2007. Also an interview was conducted with 10 youths who violate these norms very frequently. The data indicate that more than half of the students have tendency to break these norms at medium to high level. Thus, it can be concluded that the frequency of such behaviors among the respondents is to such an extent that makes it possible to suggest the formation of a subculture with different norms from the official- traditional culture. Besides, a considerable number of those who more frequently violate these norms define their behavior as protest and resistance, or they have the motivation to protest to social cultural and political authorities. The considerable prevalence of violation of official-traditional norms in the studied population, to some extend, supports this viewpoint that the issue of breaking these norms by the youths could not be defined as a mere deviation and crime, and legal and disciplinary measures should not be taken against it, because these kinds of approaches might increase the dissatisfactions and turn these behaviors into the symbol of resistance against the official culture.