بررسي مقدماتي اثر برخي حشره كش هاي شيميايي و غير شيميايي بر كيفيت و كميت محصول چغندر قند

Primary investigation of some chemical and non-chemical insecticides effects on the quantity and quality of sugar beet crop

Residual chemical poisons in food stuff are dangerous for human health. Therefore it seems necessary to substitute them with non-chemical pesticide. To study the effect of some chemical and non-chemical insecticide on the increase or decrease of sugar beet yield and sugar percentage, a field experiment was carried out by using a randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 4 replication in Agricultural research center of Miandoab. The treatments were four non-chemical 1-Neem Azal- F, 2- Delphin, 3-a mixture of 1+2, 4-aqueous neem seed extract and the synthetic phosphorous insecticide, Zolon, with the water sprayed as control. Evaluations were made on the quality of sugar beet (sugar content, white sugar content, nitrogen, sodium and potassium) after harvesting the root yield. The results revealed that root yield was found to be the highest in the Neem Azal- F treatment (72.5 t/ha) and lowest in the aqueous neem seed kernel extract treatment (66.04 t/ha), which was not significantly different from the control (58.44 t/ha). The results obtained from the treatment effects on crop quality indicated that no significant differences existed between the treatments regarding the quantity of potassium, sodium and nitrogen ions. Nevertheless, differences regarding raw sugar and white sugar content were found to be significant, and the treatments were distributed in separate groups. The raw sugar content was highest in the roots of sugar beet plants treated with aqueous neem seed kernel extract (16.6%) and lowest in the roots of plants treated with zolon (14.5%), and white sugar content was highest in the aqueous neem seed kernal extract treatment (12/78%) and lowest in the zolon treatment (10.19%) which was in the same statistical group of control (10.7%).