ارزيابي عملكرد گندم نان تحت تأثير مصرف مواد آلي مختلف

Assessment of the effect of various organic matters on the yield of bread wheat

To evaluate the effect of various organic matters on grain yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum var. vierynac). An experiment was carried out with the aim of sustainable agriculture; in 2006- 2007 at the research field of Islamic Azad University Dezful branch in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications and 12.6 m2 clearance in each plot. The treatments were: 1- incineration of the remaining vegetation and applying chemical fertilizer, 2- wheat stubble retained from previous cultivation, 3- poultry excretion, 4- sheep manure and 5- mushroom compost. Analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference on the use of various organic matters on the yield of grain, biomass and ears number per square meter. As poultry excretion treatment with 12400 kg grain yield per hectare, 760.2 ears per unit area, 25240 kg per hectare biomass, was maximum, and burned stubble with 5537 kg grain yield per hectare, and 420.8 ears per unit area and 11830 kg per hectare biomass had lowest yield, and other characteristics such as grain number and weight per ear, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, spikelet number per ear, stem height, growth tendency, leaf area index (except at the last growth stage) were non- significant. Results showed that, the use of organic matters could be useful in the sustainable agriculture and increase yield profitable effect in soil remaining organic matter, as the best organic matter is poultry excretion that increased yield grain compared to burning treatment.