كثرت نوعي انسان از منظر ملاصدرا

Manʹs Specific Plurality in Mulla Sadra

Following an ontological approach and based on the theory of ontological motion, and the union of the intellect and intelligible, Mulla Sadra refutes the idea of the specific unity of human beings. Moreover, in terms of their secondary pre-mordial nature and internal mode, he divides them into various types, each having specific and exclusive judgments in terms of existence and knowledge. On the other hand, manʹs various types in the Transcendent Philosophy are in a tight relationship with manʹs stations in religions. Religion proposes certain grades and stations for human beings which can be made accessible, explained, and understood only through ontological evolution. The different types of human being can be explained and interpreted in the Transcendent Philosophy through manʹs stations in religion such as contentment and the divine vicegerent. The point is that in this interaction, religion does not decline to the level of corroborator, and, by maintaining an ontological approach, the Transcendent Philosophy does not turn into theology (kalam). In some of his works such as Asrar al-ayat, Mulla Sadra benefits from this interaction in clarifying the human types. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the specific plurality of human beings in Mulla Sadraʹs view and determine its domain and types.