نمونه هاي برتر در نقاشي ايراني ( نقاشي قهوه خانه اي )

Paradigms of Coffeehouse Painting

According to Thomas Kuhn, redefined in the famous book "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" published in 1962, paradigm is a collection of the achievements in a particular society that, have a lot of believers, creates frameworks and obvious limits. Despite defining widespread and pervasive borders, rules and laws, paradigms cause a changeable and unfixed position in the society. When old paradigms donʹt respond questions and needs of people in the time and when mistakes occur or problems become palpable , Shift paradigm occurs. Then, gradually, they lose own promoters and sponsors. By following this trend, scholars and intellectuals and scientists offer new patterns and ideas to their society these new way and patterns are successful and have a public acceptance. In this time change models will be done as deep as the revolution. Kuhn named it scientific revolution. After some times and for some common roots these meaning entered to humanity and art subjects. As we know about Persian art, profound changes have been facing in Iranian painting history, where it leads to the completely new appearance of methods in this art. On the base of up definitions, we can study changes the Iranian painting in evolution both in internal foundations frameworks and aspects of it. This means we can find reason of important changing in paradigms. This article based on the theory that coffeehouse painting is an artistic mutual art style that in a course, is committed to some of the characteristics of traditional Iranian painting and on the other point, with toppling the founding of the major former traditions of art, presents a completely sepa- rate style and with the different principles of visual art. Underlying this thesis, which with attention to intelligible resistance of traditions against changes and evolutions, and unlike evolutionary nature of paradigms? coffeehouse painting is a field for connection and encountering new paradigms and traditions. It should be treated, traditional treatments have implied in the definite field, repeat and repeat again and will be done. In the eastern attitude, reality is stability against change in tradition. And tradition in basic meaning is immortal wisdom. In this way, paradigms like space and time and also progress and development are formed around it. Such attention to this point is necessary that Iran in Safavid era faced with great developments in the whole world and it historical structures. After those developments the effects of it in the East including Iran appeared. This changed many of the inner and local formations in Iran. So , In this essay, with considering all above facts with defining paradigm concepts , we wants to identify artistic models and paradigm in Iranian painting and introduce the group of developments and changing during the Qajar time that appeared in Safavid for the first and upshot, conduced to coffee house painting . We should consider that all process of these evolutions lasted a long time but this style is emerged in 19 century and remained active until middle of Pahlavi era.