بررسي منظرهاي انتقادي چهارگانه به مباني اعلاميه جهاني حقوق بشر

Quadruplet Critical Approaches to the Bases of Human Rights Declaration

The human rights issue is one of the challenges of our country both from the development discourse and from the tradition-modern discourse, especially because the Islamic thoughts challenge the western human rights. In this article the human rights declaration has been studied from the ontological and anthropological aspects and tried to view the subject from Quadruplet critical approaches. To do so first we study the nature of human rights according to two basis of positivistic and natural law and then we study the Quadruplet critical approaches to these bases. The first approach from the Marxist viewpoints believes that the human right is the instrument of development of capitalism. The second view is postmodern that questions the universality of human rights and calls it as myth. The third approach is Islamic which believes that the right of making law is just for god and the human rights declaration which is originated from the self- based humanistic one cannot fulfill the humanityʹs expectations. The forth standpoint is criticizing the logic of modernity and believes that modernity cannot create such rights.