تاثير دما و نور بر جوانه زني بذر اكوتيپ هاي مختلف خردل وحشي

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT ON DIFFERENT WILD MUSTARD (SINAPIS ARVENSIS) ECOTYPES GERMINATION

In order to investigate light and temperature effects on germination of different ecotypes of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), seeds were collected from four regions: Fars, West Azarbayjan, Khouzestan and Mazandaran Provinces. Seed size and weight, difference of dormancy state among the ecotypes, seed germination in differential light and temperature conditions were studied. The results showed that seeds from different locations did not have the same size, but they were similar in weight. The seeds had some differences in germination but there was not correlation between germination and seed size. The range of temperature for germination was between 5 to 35° C in all ecotypes. The germination rate in Khouzestan ecotype was higher than those of the other locations. Although germination was promoted by light under high temperature (more than 20° C), there were different rates among the ecotypes under low temperatures. Results showed that environmental maternal conditions effect on seed germination. Dormancy state of seeds was different among the ecotypes. When the seeds exposed to the same conditions, the ecotypes showed some differences in germination behavior.