بررسي تاثير تاريخ كاشت و نوبت برداشت بر عملكرد گل ، درصد و اجزاي اسانس بابونه آلماني (Matricaria recutita L) رقم پرسو (Presov)

Effect of sowing date and harvest frequency on flower yield, essential oil percent and composition of chamomile {Matricaria recutita L.) CV. Presov

In order to study the effect of sowing date and harvest frequency on flower yield, essential oil percent and composition of chamomile {Matricaria recutita L.) CV. Presov, prepared from Slovakia, an experiment was conducted. The experiment was split-plot method based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Main plots consisted of three sowing dates (6th Nov, 5th Mar, and 4th Apr) and sub-plots included three harvest frequencies (first, second and third). Evaluated traits were diy flower yield, essential oil percentage and yield, yield of P-farnesene, a-bisabolol oxide B, a-bisabolol, chamazulene, a- bisabolol oxide A. The results showed that sowing date, harvest frequency and their interaction had significant effect on these parameters. Based on the results, the most dry flower yield (40 g/m2) was obtained from the second harvest of 6th November. Also the highest essential oil content (0.72 percent w/w), essential oil yield (0.26 g/m2) and a-bisabolol yield (0.2375 g/m2) were obtained from the second harvest of March and the most chamazulene yield (0.0473 g/m2) was obtained from the third harvest of March that it had a little difference with second harvest. According to the results, the best chamomile quality was attained in second harvest of March sowing date in Mashhad condition.