دستكاري بينايي در طول حفظ تعادل پويا: مطالعه فرضيه اختصاصي بودن تمرين

The Manipulation of Vision During the Dynamic Balance Maintenance:Studing of the Specificity of Practice Hypothesis

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of manipulation vision on learning dynamic balance maintenance and exploring the boundaries of specificity of practice hypothesis. For this purpose, 45 girls, with the age rang of 21 to 23, who had no visual or physical deficiencies, were selected voluntarily and divided into three experimental groups based on pre-test results. Subjects performed a training program for three weeks, 3 sessions per week, 30 trials of 15 seconds in each session with 20 seconds rest. One group performed with normal vision, the second group performed in front of a full-length mirror using full vision and the third group performed half of the trails with mirror and the other half with no mirror. Feedback KR was provided to participants following each trail during daynamic balance practice. Then the duration of balance maintenance for all the subjects in acquisition, retention(practice with normal vision without receiving KR) and transfer (skill performance with blinker) were recorded on stabilometer. The results of one-way ANOVA with repeated measur (9><3) in acquisition stages. Revealed that the three groups had improved during practice sessions and the performance of the practice group practcing with mirror was better than the other two groups. The results of one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA, for a comparison among the performance of the three practice groups in acquisition, retention and transfer test a significant difference is among performance of the 3 groups only in retention test. Based on Bonferroni Post-hoc the practice group who did not use the mirror had a better performance in comparicon with the other groups. Considering the results of the present study, based on specificity of practice hypothesis,to inprove learning, one should practice under the same afferent imformation that s/he needs in the final performance condition.