كليدواژه :
الجزاير , خبر , شبكه هاي تلويزون ماهواره اي , هجوم رسانه اي , بررسي موردي سي ان ان , العالم , فرهنگ عمومي , انحصار رسانه اي , جنگ دوم خليج فارس
چكيده لاتين :
Mass media functions plays a decisive role in the public culture of different societies. In a study conducted by the author of this article on news programs of three television networks, namely American CNN, Qatarʹs Al-jazeera, Islamic republic of Iran Al-alam, during the second Persian Gulf war (2003), it was found that presence of independent media can both break up the media monopoly and biased coverage by monopolizing western media and provide new opportunities for mass media of countries defending the public culture. Accordingly, influence of mass media is very important on the public culture of different societies, because the present programs can play important role in stabilizing or transforming a culture. Today, for instance, children hear the earliest stories from television not from their parents. It is common that children may watch TV almost 7 hours a day and hear stories about life, people, values and etc that parents, school, church (or mosque) have never told them.
In this research which is performed by a qualitative approach (content analysis) it is aimed to answer this basic question: what content was present by these satellite television networks to viewers during the second Gulf war? Which one was more successful in terms of content and affected on the culture and public opinion of viewers?
The effective elements of the news programs broadcast by these networks which were studied and compared, include: entertainment strategies, speed and clarity, discourse and interaction, provocative programs, Islamic orientations of programs, bravery of news correspondents, techniques of news coverage, for people or against people, the amount of programʹs ability to influence, the role of commercials, news values and professionalism of news anchors.
The findings of this study show that in order to cover news and influence on viewerʹs culture only, being equipped with telecommunications technologies is not key factor, but the one-way flow of news and the monopoly over media can be stopped in the light of knowing the invasive culture and the proper use of Islamic culture.
