پديد آورندگان :
گراوندي، شهپر نويسنده Geravandi, S , علي بيگي، اميرحسين نويسنده Alibaygi, A.H.
چكيده فارسي :
از ديرباز تاكنون، ريسك توليد همواره از مهمترين منابع ريسكي بوده است كه زندگي كشاورزان و روستاييان را تحت تاثير خود قرار داده است و موجب كاهش درآمد و آسيب پذيري آن ها شده است. امروزه فراواني و شدت اين منبع ريسك با سرعت غير قابل باوري درحال افزايش است. لذا ضروري به نظر مي رسد كه به تحقيقات بيشتري در اين زمينه پرداخته شود. در اين پژوهش كه به روش توصيفي- همبستگي انجام شده است به بررسي تعيين عوامل موثر بر استفاده از راهبردهاي مديريت ريسك توليد توسط كشاورزان ذرت كار شهرستان كرمانشاه پرداخته شد. جامعه ي آماري تحقيق كشاورزان ذرت كار شهرستان كرمانشاه مي باشند (3239 N=) كه براي انتخاب آن ها از روش نمونه گيري تصادفي نظام دار استفاده شد(340 n=). ابزار تحقيق پرسشنامه بود كه براي تجزيه و تحليل نتايج آن از نرم افزار AMOS 5 و SPSS بهره گرفته شد. بر اساس يافته ها، كشاورزان ذرت كار شهرستان كرمانشاه ريسك توليد را پديده ي اقتصادي غير قابل كنترل مي دانند كه داراي آثار بلندمدت بر زندگي آن ها مي باشد و موجب احساس اضطراب، سرخوردگي و شكست در روحيه ي آن ها مي شود. هم چنين نتايج نشان داد كه كشاورزان با راهبردهاي نوين مديريت ريسك توليد مانند كشت مخلوط و... در حد كمي آشنايي دارند و اقدامات خود را بيشتر به استفاده از راهبردهاي سنتي مانند استفاده از كود هاي شيميايي و ... بسنده نموده اند. متغيرهايي كه بيشترين واريانس را در سطح استفاده از راهبردهاي مديريت ريسك توليد تبيين كردند، سن، مقدار زمين زارع و درآمد كل زارع بودند.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
The agricultural sector is exposed to a variety of risks, which occur with high frequency. These include climate and weather risks, natural catastrophes, pests and diseases, which cause highly variable production outcomes. Therefore, Farmers may make decisions every day that affect farming operations. Many of the factors that affect the farmersʹ decisions cannot be predicted with complete accuracy. Farming has become increasingly risky as farmers become more commercial. Farmers need to understand risk and have risk management skills to better anticipate problems and reduce consequences.
In the recent decades, production risk has been one of the important risk resources that have impressed farmers, lives and caused falling income & increasing vulnerability. Research findings show that the impact of production risk is not limited to the stark evidence on damage costs or lost lives, but also reflects the possible impact on the development trend of a particular country.
Kermanshah is one of the disastrous provinces in Iran, where agriculture is the basis of livelihood for the majority of the population. In this province, many production risks, such as low rainfall, drought, hail or heavy rains, pests and disease, breakdown or unavailability of equipment and spare parts occur every year.
The main purpose of this descriptive correlational research was to determine the factors influencing the strategies used for production risk management by corn farmers in Kermanshah Township. To reach this purpose, the following objectives were considered:
- to study socio-demographic characteristics of corn farmers,
- to analyze farmersʹ perception toward production risk, and
- to rank strategies used by corn farmers for production risk management.
Methodology
The population for this study was the corn farmers of Kermanshah Township that have previous experience in corn production (N=3239). A systemic sample of farmers was selected (n= 30). Amos and SPSS were used for data analysis.
Results and Conclusion
Based on the findings, most farmers believe that production risk is an economic phenomenon that cannot be controlled. This risk resource has long-term effects on farmersʹ lives. In addition, this phenomenon will increase the feeling of anxiety & defeat in farmersʹ lives, the level of usage of new strategies for managing production risk among corn farmers was very low. Corn farmers in Kermanshah Township manage control risk production in a moderate level. Age, land ownership, and farm income were the most important factors influencing the level of usage of strategies for managing production risk.
