تكرار و سبك شعر شيخ بهايي

استفاده فراوان از انواع تكرار را بايد اصليترين ويژگي اشعار شيخ بهايي و مهمترين خصيصه جداكننده سبك شعري وي از ساير شعراي ادب فارسي دانست. خاصه آنكه اين ويژگي در ظاهر سبب اطناب و افزوني لفظ از معنا ميگردد و در باطن با تنوّع و نوجويي در تضاد است. بنابراين، فراواني تكرار سبك شعر بهايي را آشكارا از طرز شعر غالب آن زمان (سبك اصفهاني يا هندي) متمايز ميسازد. مهمترين علت اين مسيله را ميتوان عادت اين عالم شاعر به تلقين و تكرار بر سر جلسات استاد و شاگردي دانست و مثنويهاي تعليمي، كه قالب اصلي سروده هاي اوست، مجال مناسبي براي ظهور اين خصيصه و به نمايش گذاشتن هنري اين مهارت ميباشند. در مقاله حاضر، ضمن ارايه آمار دقيق و نمونه‌هايي از انواع تكرار در مثنويها و ساير انواع شعر فارسي بهايي (و اشاره به اشعار عربي وي)، به بررسي فوايد و عوامل بهره گيري از هر يك از انواع اين تكرارها پرداخته خواهد شد.

Apply repetition of several kinds and in many instances can be regarded as the principal characteristic of Sheikh Bahaieeʹs Poetry and the main feature making his poetic style different from other Persian poets. Particularly, this characteristic, on surface, results in verbiage and having more words than meaning, and, in deep, is in contrast with novelty. Therefore, the abundance of repetition distinguishes Sheikh Baheieeʹs style from the dominant style of his time (Isfahanie or Indian). The main reason for this can be the fact that this erudite poet was used to drill and repetition in his learning and teaching sessions, and didactic verses, which is the dominant format of his poems, has provided a proper opportunity for this characteristic to show off artistically. In this paper, alongside with presenting accurate statistics and samples of different kinds of repetition in his verses and then other formats of his poems (and mentioning Arabic poems of Sheikh), the advantages and reasons for using each of these repetitions are studied.