معرّفي نثر«جلاليه در علم مكاتبه»

منشيان كه حاكمان عرصه كتابت و انشاي محسوب ميشدند ضمن ارايه عملي كتابت دلخواه خود در قالب تصنيفات و تاليفات، آثاري نيز در آموزش شيوه ترسل و انشاي پديد آوردند كه از آنها ميتوان «زينه الكتـّاب» منسوب به بيهقي دبير نامدار غزنويان، «دستور دبيري» ميهني، «دستور الكاتب في تعيين المراتب» هندوشاه نخجواني را ياد كرد. از ديگر نگاشته ها در اين زمينه كتاب «جلاليه در علم مكاتبه» بقلم محمدبن ناموس خواري از منشيان اواخر قرن هفتم و نيمه اول قرن هشتم هجري قمريست كه سه نسخه از اثر او بدست آمده است. كتاب «جلاليه در علم مكاتبه» اثر محمّدبن علي ناموس خواري، مشتمل بر دو بخش رسايل علمي و عملي ميباشد كه در بخش اول مباحث نظري مورد نظر مولف بهمراه نمونه هايي از آداب و رسوم و باورها در حوزه انشاي و كتابت مطرح ميشود و در بخش دوم نامه هاي مختلف اعم از اخوانيات، امثله و صدرنامه ارايه ميشود. نگارندگان در مقاله حاضر برآنند تا ضمن معرّفي اثر محمّد خواري، به ديدگاههاي مولف در حوزه انشاي و كتابت همچنين خصايص سبكي او بپردازند.

Lettermen who were the experts in the domain of writing, in addition to presenting the favorite written form in compositions, have produced some books about the art of literary teaching composition and epistolary, too. For example, we can mention some of these works as “zinatol kottab” that some researchers claim the book was written by Beyhaqi who was a famous author in Qaznavian court. In addition to foreseen work, we can mention works like “Dastur -e-mihani (Mihanian epistolary grammar) and “Dastur –ol- kateb fi tayin –el- marateb” (Grammar for writer in study determination) that was written by Mohammad –ebne- hindu shah-e- naxjavani. One of these types of writing methodology is “Jalaliye dar elme mokatebe” that has been written by Mohammad ebne ali-e- namoos-e- xari – one of the lettermen who lived at the end of 7th and the beginning of 8th century— and three manuscripts are remained. “Jalaliye dar elme mokatebe” includes two sections: scientific theoretical treatises and practical treatises. In first section, the theoretical issues of the author as well as examples of rituals and costumes in composition and writing field are mentioned. In the second section, some variation of letters were presented including friendship letters (Exvaniat), commands(Amsale) and opening of the letters (Sadrname). In this essay, the authors intend to introduce the work of Mohammad -e- xari; explain his ideas about composition and writing; and stylistic features of his work as well.