كليدواژه :
صورت , نظام فضايي و شكل , تعريف , حقيقت , شناخت
چكيده فارسي :
اين مقاله در پي تذكر به چيستي و حقيقت معماري، جهت رسيدن به تعريف آن مي‌باشد. حقايقي كه صرفاً به كالبد ظاهري معماري محدود نمي‌شوند و دستورالعمل خاصي در معماري را رهنمون نمي‌گردانند. لذا در پي رسيدن به اين حقايق و به دليل تاثير داشتن انسان سازنده و درك كننده‌ي اين معماري ـ كه واجد مراتب مختلف شناختي است ـ بستري از مادي و ملموس‌ترين تا غير مادي و غير ملموس‌ترين داشته‌هاي انسان و معماري، با رجوع به وجود و هستي‌شناسي ايراني ـ اسلامي در نظر گرفته شده است.
حقايق و ناب‌ترين بن‌مايه‌هاي معماري، شامل صورت، نظام فضايي و شكل مي‌باشند. كه با مراتب وجود و شناخت انسان تناظر دارند. اين حقايق، جهت رسيدن به تعريفي براي معماري، در رابطه با «قرايت» و نقد معماري‌هاي ديروز و امروز و «انشاي» و طراحي معماري امروز مددرسان خواهند بود.
چكيده لاتين :
This article is in search of remarking the essence and truth of architecture for finding out a meaning the architecture. Truth which is not limited to only the external framework of architecture. In order to achieve the truth, and due to the influence of the creator and appreciator of the architecture, who is of various levels of cognition, a bed of materialistic and the most tangible to non-materialistic and the most intangible things that man and architecture have is taken into consideration.
According to the philosophy of Islamic and Iranian ethics, every thingʹs truth is its very existence. In other words, truth is realized or appeared when a creatureʹs existence is manifested. In this article, by referring to the Iranian-Islamic essence and ontology, finding out the truths and the omnipresent "whatnesses" of architecture is considered; the truths which complete each other, and get the right and acceptable form and concept by going through each other, and manifest a perfect architecture. These realities wonʹt bring about direct ground rules and standards in architecture; yet they open into a variety of refuges. Finding out the truths and defining this approach to architecture would set us free from artless and general perceptions provoked by the form and circumstances of the time; something which has been done so many times.
According to this paper, the truth of architecture consists of form, space order, and Figure which has correspondence with the levels of manʹs epistemology. Here, the truths of architecture and how they exist in the totality of architecture have been both scrutinized.
What is meant by ʹformʹ is not ʹfigureʹ or shape and it is prior to that. The concept of formation is used in a place beyond the arena of the tangible experience.
ʹSpace orderʹ provides a comprehensive framework so that it is able to both explain and accord the experimental reality, and metaphysical and super-physical truth. Space order is the link which connects the logical world and form to the tangible world and the shape of architecture. Shape is defined as the physical and skeletal formation of architecture in accordance with its form and space order.
This article is not in pursuit of valuing different architectures, but to show the presence of the three entities and levels of architecture as its essence ; because these truths, in case of being generalized, could become universal as well, and the ways of their being architecturally emanated in different fields of time and place could also be recognized; hence, various architectures could be reviewed. Therefore, these levels of the essence and truth of architecture, in coming to a definition for that, could be helpful to us in criticizing the yesterday and todayʹs architectures and designing todayʹs architecture.
As this article can define architecture:
"Architecture gives space order to the form of dreams , ideas, personal beliefs and social values with a shape bound to the building technology and dependant to time and place, and with the architectʹs specific language and expression, all for manʹs life."
