تبيين پراكنده رويي شهري بر اساس شاخص تراكم ساختماني (مطالعه موردي شهر يزد)

SpatialEvaluationofLIrbanFormwith Respect To Construed on Density in Yazd

توسعه شهر يزد در گذشته در تعامل با اقليم بوده است، اما الگوي گسترش آن طي دوران معاصر به رشدي پراكنده تبديل شده است كه گونه هاي متفاوتي از فرم شهري در نواحي مختلف شهر را ايجاد نموده است. هدف مقاله، تحقيق در مورد ارتباط متغير تراكم ساختماني با ساير متغيرهاي تعريف شده است تا بر اين اساس، روند پراكنده رويي و توسعه ناپايدار شهر يزد را تحليل نمود. روش تحقيق بر مبناي رگرسيون چندمتغيره است. يافته هاي تحقيق نشان مي دهد در شهر يزد تراكم ساختماني ارتباط مستقيم با تراكم جمعيتي دارد، در حالي كه ارتباطي معكوس با متغيرهاي فاصله از مركز اقتصادي شهر، فاصله از مراكز ناحيه اي، قيمت زمين و مساحت بلوك هاي شهري دارد. اين موضوع نشان دهنده رشد تقاضاي زمين در مناطق حاشيه اي است. در واقع، ساكنان شهر يزد، امروزه تمايل بيشتري به زندگي در خانه هاي ويلايي دارند كه اين موضوع، حاكي از رشد پديده پراكنده رويي در شهر يزد است.

Abstract Yazd is one of the most famous cities in Iran, and perhaps in the world, because of its special characteristic in urban design and architecture. Historical district of this city, according to the cityʹs cultural background and based on its climate features, is an example of specific structure and compact form of a city. While the form of development in the past was interactive with the climate and environment conditions, today, the development pattern of Yazd is converted to dispersal mode and unbalanced growth pattern; this pattern have made lots of urban form in different zone of the city. The purpose of this paper is to investigate construction density with respect to population density, distance to central business district, to the sub-centers, population density, land price, urban block area and cost of public transition in Yazd. Multiple regression analysis is used as the research method. Simple sampling method is used To select districts. So, at first, six district selected (Fahadan and Sheikhdad as central districts; Sareʹdorah and Maskanʹoʹshahrsazi as middle districts; Azadshahr and Safaʹeeye as outer and developing districts). After selecting the sample districts, the sample size from each settlement had to be identified. Stratified random sampling (Proportional allocation) is used to do this process and totally, 72 sample extract and study for this research. Construction density is seen as a dependent variable (Because the principle is that wherever physical development has occurred, the construction density increases) and the others as independent variables of the analysis. According to the results of the analysis, construction density of the neighborhoods is a function of distance to central business district, distance to the sub-centers, urban block area and price of land (with negative correlation coefficient) and population density (with positive correlation coefficient). There is no relationship between the construction density and cost of public transition. So, it can be interpreted that construction density increases by reducing the distance to the city cenler. This fact lonely explains the spread of physical structure in city of Yazd. Also, the negative correlation coefficient between construction density and distance to the sub-centers shows the distributing of compact districts in sprawl urban areas. The positive correlation coefficient between construction density and population density shows that somewhere population density increases, the construction density increases too. As considering thai the average area of city block from the center to the periphery increases in city of Yazd, it can be said that the construction density decreases from center to periphery. The negative correlation coefficient between construction density and land price is one of the Interesting and distinctive results in this study. This finding shows that if the city spreads in periphery lands, the land prices in this area will increased, On the other hand, land demand in the periphery of Yazd is promoting and Residents of the city of Yazd, in contrast with intensive development in the past time, are now more willingness to live in detached houses It is the sign of the increasing occurrence of urban sprawl in Yazd.