شناسايي فرصت هاي توسعه ناشي از زلزله با تاكيد بر ابعاد كالبدي شهر نمونه موردي: شهر بم

Recognition of Development Opportunities Resulting From Earthquake with Emphasis on Physical Aspects of City Case Study (Bam City)

Relationship between development, disaster and reconstruction is considered as the main important theoretical issues of crisis management and disaster studies. Although it is believed that the great natural and un-natural disasters delay the development trends and causes the destruction of resources and disturbance of social and economical activities of societies, but at the same time , these crises and disasters will provide opportunities for future development, particularly in reconstruction process. Managers, planners and decision makers can use these opportunities for promotion of the society strengthening thresholds and benefiting crisis conditions for removing pervious problems, the situations which are rarely possible in normal cases. Also at the time of crises and disasters occurrences, charity helps will increase and the required financial assistance for physical changes in relation with immunization and quality improvement of constructed environment will accelerate. The aim of this study is to review the relation ship between development and disasters and the physical development opportunities which were identified after Bam earth quake as well as effective factors and criteria on the manner of using them to be identified and analyzed. The research method is analytic-descriptive method and the information is gathered through field- documentary method. (Observation, interview and questionnaire). Research findings show that physical development opportunities after Bam earth quake were used more in housing (strengthening, monitoring on construction activities building frontage, ...) and public services (training, health, sport, ... services), while less attention was paid on infrastructure services (water, electricity, telecommunication, and sewage), passages and city texture. It seems that the method of management and lack of the required coordination in the programs and among the involved organizations has had a great role in use or non-use of this opportunities for physical development and the government role was the most effective factor on using developmental opportunities. Keywords: Crisis Management, Disasters, Earth Quake, Development Opportunities, Bam. ^ VA^ jli^jU t y J Lil yes- ʹUldUai