مدل سازي آسيب پذيري ساختماني شهرها در برابر زلزله با استفاده از روش فرايند تحليل سلسله مراتبي در محيط سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي نمونه موردي: شهر زنجان

Modeling the Vulnerability of Urban Buildings Against Earthquake by Method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) (Case Study of Zanjan City)

With respect to population growth and increase of urbanism, occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquake can make drastic damages and detriments and postpones the development of cities and country. The necessity for decreasing the vulnerability of cities against this phenomenon is considered as one of the main objectives of physical planning, urban planning and city designing. In this respect, the first step is recognizing the rate of vulnerability of parts and urban elements and their analyzing and evaluating by the existing models in this field, in order to be able to identify the vulnerable areas and textures by using the models and through micro zoning of these areas, present scientific and practical strategies for decreasing the bad effects of earthquake. With attention to the importance of evaluating the vulnerability of cities against earthquake in the discussions about geography and urban planning, in this paper, it has tired to by using Analytical Hierarchy process method (AHP), a proper estimate to be estimated for the cities vulnerability against earthquake by using the location and elements descriptive data and building main and behavioral elements and determining the effect of each applied criteria in the rate of vulnerability.further by using analytical and presentation facilities of Geographical Information system(GIS) and providing earthquake scenarios in different tensities, the modeling, micro zoning of the damages incurred to buildings, human victims, and economical losses of Zanjan city against the earthquake has been performed. The results obtained shows that district No. 3 of Zanjan and the buildings located in this area, have high rate of vulnerability due to their worn out texture and use of low durable material in the construction and also their oldness, district No. 2 of Zanjan city due to observing the building standards including the by law No. 2800 and using durable material in construction of the buildings has a lower rate of vulnerability in comparing with the two other districts of Zanjan city. Keywords:Vulnerability, Earthquake, Zanjan, Geographical Information System, Modeling, Analytical Hierarchy Process.