دولت و نابرابري هاي جتماعي

Government and Social Inequalities

Question: social inequalities as a social fact have received much theoretical and experimental attention. The main reason for receiving so much attention is due to many consequences it might have for social system. At the same time, various factors influence different types of social inequalities. One of the important elements impacting the distribution system of valuable resources and consequently nature of social inequalities would be the role and place of the government. The present study, after reviewing different theories on relation of government and social inequalities, makes an experimental study of variables connected to the relation of government and social inequalities. Method: the present study has been carried out through benefiting from comparative nation-wide method and has made a study of 70 countries. The data used has been selected from credible international data sources and has been analyzed accordingly. Findings: the findings of this research show that Latin American and African countries located on the south of the Sahara have the most and countries of Eastern Europe and Commonwealth have the least income inequality. Findings also show that government can be effective on income inequalities through its opportunity and resource structures. The results also show that among the opportunity structure variables of the government, political participation variable has a meaningful and decreasing relation and from resource structures variables of the government, the size of government has an increasing and meaningful relation with income inequality.