فلزات سنگين : اثرات زيست محيطي و روش هاي زيستي حذف آنها

Heavy Metals: Environmental Impact And Biological Methods For Their Removal

Heavy metals are countered as the most important environmental pollutants especially for aquatic ecosystems and die serious threat for human being health. They are easily accumulated in different tissues of organisms and can be circulated through food chains. Although there are many physical, chemical and biological methods for heavy metal removal, biological methods by using plants, algae, fungi, bacteria and proteins have been highly interested because of their suitable structure for heavy metal adsorption, cost- effective and availability. These adsorbents have different functional groups such as carboxyl, imidazole, sulfhydryl, amine, phosphate, sulfate, phenol, carbonyl and amide which are very active for binding to heavy metals. In the present paper, the impacts of heavy metals on the environmental and different biological methods for heavy metal removal especially new ones based on the recombinant DNA technology have been presented. The structure of biological adsorbents and their method for heavy metal adsorption has been also described. Generally, biological adsorption of heavy metals by using biological adsorbents especially surface display peptides are known as a new and efficient method for heavy metal removal.