ارزيابي متالورژيكي مهر ه هاي گردنبند باستاني به دست آمده از بيستون، كرمانشاه، ايران

Metallurgical Investigations of Ancient Bronze Necklaceʹs Beads from Bistun Plain, Kermanshah, Iran

The aim of this paper is to investigate the metallurgical characteristics of ancient bronze necklace>s beads which have been found in 2005 archaeological excavations in Gorgivand historic site from Bistun plain, Kermanshah. Metallurgical studies and elemental analysis of these beads were carried out using optical microscopy and energy a dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Inclusions were studied using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy rt dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Microstructural observations reveal sound metal remaining under corrosion products. In addition, intergranular corrosion in metallic region was observed. Furthermore, presence of flow lines in specific directions on sections of beads is the sign of manufacturing method of beads, from bronze wire or strip. Presence of inclusions parallel to these patterns is another issue. Using SEM-EDS analysis Cu (90 wt%) and Sn (8 ^ wt%) as main elements of bead alloy were specified. Inclusions of S, Fe and Cu elements were also detected which can be used to study mining processes and ores utilized in the past